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Table of Content

    31 May 2023 Volume 42 Issue 05
      
    Theory of polarization representation, representation  transformation and their applications
    ZHANG Xiao-guang, XI Li-xia, CUI Nan, ZHANG Hu, XIAO Xiao-sheng, TANG Xian-feng
    College Physics. 2023, 42(05):  1.  doi:10.16854 /j.cnki.1000-0712.220373
    Abstract ( 423 )   PDF (477KB) ( 673 )  
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    The concepts of representation and representation transformation used in quantum mechanics into polarization optics are introduced. The proposed polarization representation and representation transformation in Jones calculus can make it clear and more understandable if the physics mechanism of some polarization phenomena is discussed. Using this theory, the polarization mode dispersion, polarization dependent loss, and their impacts to the optical signals transmitted in fibers are also clearly explained
    Critical-slowing-down of nonlinear systems at bifurcation points
    ZHANG Jie, DU Yao, LI Qing, YU Yi-zhen, LI Hai-hong, WANG Xin-gang
    College Physics. 2023, 42(05):  9.  doi:10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.220240
    Abstract ( 696 )   PDF (560KB) ( 545 )  
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    As a key concept in nonlinear science, Lyapunov exponent has been extensively studied in literature. In general, to analyze the stability of a dynamical state, it is the sign of the Lyapunov exponent that is interested. Yet, this approach fails when the state is located exactly at the bifurcation point, where the Lyapunov exponent is equal to zero, suggesting that the perturbations will be keeping unchanged during the system evolution at this point. This prediction, however, is conflicting with the true results, as attractors also exist at the bifurcation points. Here we are able to argue mathematically and demonstrate numerically that at the bifurcation points the perturbation is damped by a power-law scaling to the equilibrium, with the scaling exponent determined by the nonlinear term of the variational equation of the perturbations. That is, the dynamics of the system shows the typical feature of critical slowing down observed at the critical point of many physical systems. The phenomenon of critical-slowing-down is demonstrated in different nonlinear models, and the theoretical predictions are in good agreement with the numerical results in all cases studied.


    Hydrogen atom energy levels and wave functions based on  Gaussian expansion method
    PAN Ya-wen, GENG Li-sheng
    College Physics. 2023, 42(05):  18.  doi:10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.220263
    Abstract ( 635 )   PDF (389KB) ( 557 )  
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     In this paper, the Gaussian expansion method is used to accurately solve the Schrodinger equation of the hydrogen atom and obtain its energy levels and wave functions. The influence of the selection of variational parameters in the Gaussian expansion method on the accuracy of the results is studied. The program is written in Python, and this method and accompanying code can be beneficial to teachers and students in teaching and learning computational physics and quantum physics.

    Theoretical study on space liquid bridge experiment — another teaching case caused by space class
    YU Feng-jun, JU Lin, ZHANG Xi-wei, TANG Zhen-jie, TIAN Jun-long
    College Physics. 2023, 42(05):  22.  doi:10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.220293
    Abstract ( 416 )   PDF (406KB) ( 459 )  
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    The theoretical research on liquid bridge experiment in the second lesson of heavenly palace classroom is conducted. Based on the symmetry and volume invariance of liquid bridge, the geometric equation of liquid bridge shape is obtained according to the principle of minimum potential energy, and the variation law of liquid bridge shape with its length and the maximum length are discussed. A characteristic parameter R describing the shape of the liquid bridge is found, and the relationship between the parameter and the internal pressure of the liquid bridge is revealed

    Dynamic analysis of steady-state configuration of a toy string launcher
    ZHENG Zi-jun
    College Physics. 2023, 42(05):  28.  doi:10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.220332
    Abstract ( 339 )   PDF (288KB) ( 319 )  
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    A popular toy string launcher can make the string floating in the air by forcing it to move tangentially. The dynamic-static method is employed to explain the mechanism as well as deduce the shape equation of the string in steady state suspension. The conditions for the launcher to work properly are also given. It is revealed that when the string configuration has a horizontal symmetric axis, the span length gets its maximum. The maximum span length is positively correlated with the ratio of resistance to gravity. 


    Dynamics analysis of sliding down time affected by resistance
    ZHANG Hui-jun, ZHANG Yan, WU Jie, FENG Xue-chao, WANG Shi-zhuo
    College Physics. 2023, 42(05):  31.  doi:10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.220280
    Abstract ( 437 )   PDF (569KB) ( 617 )  
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    We performe the dynamics analysis on sliding down time that affected by resistance. The famous branchistochrone is the fastest path which is obtained by ignoring resistance. Considering the sliding friction resistance and air resistance,we find that the sliding down time depends on the friction coefficient,amplitude of air restance, mass of object and slope of motion path. The sliding down time could be optimized by the radius of the circular orbital. On the other hand,  the scrolling down could also shorten the sliding down time, we also quantitatively investigate the scrolling time affects by the mass distribution of the disk and spherical shell, the mass distribution origins from the mass density and shape of the objects. The ratio of scrolling time to sliding time is decided by the function of mass density and the ratio of inside radii to outside radii.

    Relativistic induced electromotive force and calculation  for it under transformation of reference frame
    College Physics. 2023, 42(05):  38.  doi:10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.220206
    Abstract ( 469 )   PDF (237KB) ( 445 )  
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    The relativity between motional and induced electromotive forces is investigated. The reasons are analyzed for the variation in value of total induced electromotive force for different reference frames. A general formula is proposed for calculating the total induced electromotive force under transformation of reference frame. The total induced electromotive forces of rectangular and circular coils moving outside an infinity long wire carries direct current are calculated. The total induced electromotive force measured by the moving observer is equal to the sum of the electromotive forces measured at different positions of the conductor with different times by the stationary observer.


    Exploration of smart teaching for foreign students during  COVID-19 pandemic period
    ZHOU Lei, LUO Hao, KUANG Xiang-jun
    College Physics. 2023, 42(05):  41.  doi:10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712. 220411
    Abstract ( 342 )   PDF (372KB) ( 514 )  
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    In recent years, due to the impact of global COVID-19 pandemic, some foreign students are unable to study in China normally. Based on this, the college physics experiment teaching center of SWUST has explored a smart teaching mode of integration of reality platform, virtual platform and interactive platform by combining various modern information methods, such as online video teaching, online teacher-student interaction, and virtual experiments. The application of the model solves the problem that foreign students cannot finish offline experimental courses normally, and help them to have a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of physical nature of the experimental content. 


    Exploration of the influence on the construction of college physics resource  library by industry-education collaborative talent cultivation under the  background of new engineering
    GAO Bo, ZHANG Qian, ZHANG Jun-wu, ZHANG Pei, LI Peng-bo, GAO Hong
    College Physics. 2023, 42(05):  46.  doi:10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.220444
    Abstract ( 332 )   PDF (433KB) ( 468 )  
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     New engineering focuses on the cultivation of innovative top talents with outstanding engineering technology. The construction of college physics resource library aiming at the supporting role and effect of industry-education collaborative talent cultivation is comprehensively discussed. Through the means and the mode of multi-angle and multi-level teaching resource library construction, new teaching process, mode and contents are given for the construction of college physics resource library for new engineering, and positive results have been achieved. Innovative integration and extension of the construction and promotion of the current college physics resource library are given and provide a firm foundation for the integration of education, then the comprehensive practice of students' college physics course study is provided. 

    A new teaching model of college physics integrated with IYPT
    PAN Gang, CHEN Wen-juan, FANG Lian
    College Physics. 2023, 42(05):  51.  doi:10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.220456
    Abstract ( 443 )   PDF (467KB) ( 375 )  
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    Traditional college physics teaching is mainly taught by teachers,and students' learning mainly depends on memory and understanding,which leads to unidirectional teaching process.Due to the lack of effective carrier for interaction and the lack of personal experience of physics knowledge,students gradually lose their interest in learning college physics. In this paper,IYPT is integrated into college physics classroom,and students are guided to comprehend and apply knowledge in the process of solving problems,so as to form a new mode of college physics teaching. Through four years of teaching practice,it has found that this teaching model has a certain role in promoting students, ability in the aspects of unified examination and competition.


    Research on Boycott effect of the particles based on PNK theory
    SHAO En-hao, TUERSUN Paerhatijiang
    College Physics. 2023, 42(05):  61.  doi:10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.220363
    Abstract ( 612 )   PDF (446KB) ( 315 )  
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    The Boycott effect was discovered by Boycott that oxalated or defibrinated blood corpuscles sediment much faster in an inclined tube than in a vertical one. This paper derivatives research whether the sedimentation of insoluble particles in oblique vessel filled with distilled water also has boycott effect and investigate the effect of relevant parameters. Refer to PNK theory to study the influence of the three parameters on the settlement rate that affect the system, namely suspension interface velocity in a vertical container, the width of the container, and the angle of inclination. At the same time, through experiments, the effect of different parameters on sedimentation rate is explored, and compared with the theoretical analysis. The results show that insoluble particles also has boycott effect; as the angle of inclination increases, the sedimentation rate of the particles in it increases first and then slows down; the width of the container and the suspension interface velocity in a vertical container is always positively correlated with the sedimentation rate.