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Table of Content
20 August 2014 Volume 33 Issue 8
著者文摘
Chaotic three-body scattering
. 2014, 33(8): 1-1.
Abstract
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1019
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556
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We study the scattering behavior in three-body particle systems with Lennard-Jones interaction. Chaotic scattering, inelastic scattering and perfect elastic scattering are observed with the increase of the scattering energy. The underlie mechanism is correlated to the chaotic dynamics of the system.
On the limitation of Van der Waals gas model from the gas adsorption rate
. 2014, 33(8): 6-6.
Abstract
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671
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(268KB) (
435
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The chemical potentials of Bose, Fermi and Van der Waals gases are obtained by the ensemble theory, and the adsorption rates of the three kinds of gases are compared with that of the idea gas. The adsorption rate of Fermi gas is larger than that of the idea gas, and that of Bose gas smaller than that of the latter. There is a critical temperature. When the temperature is higher than the critical temperature, the model of the idea gas describing the Fermi gas is better than that of the Van der Waals gas. When the temperature is lower than the critical temperature, the model of the idea gas describing the Bose gas is better than that of the Van der Waals gas.
Polarization and magnetization of electromagnetic media
. 2014, 33(8): 8-8.
Abstract
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1949
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782
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Based on the method of vector analysis, a general theory of polarization and magnetization of electromagnetic media is built, the generalized vectors of polarization and magnetization are appropriately derived to describe the distribution of bound charges and bound currents. Without the circular current model and electric dipole mode, the quantitative relations between the distribution of bound charges/bound currents and polarization/magnetization are obtained more directly. In the macroscopic electromagnetism, both the molecular circular current model and magnetic dipole model can be employed to interpret the magnetic effects of spin magnetic moment.
Thermodynamical properties of ideal gas in noncommutative phase space
. 2014, 33(8): 11-11.
Abstract
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720
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(329KB) (
614
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The effect of noncommutativity of phase space on thermodynamical properties of single atom ideal gas system is discussed by redefining the number of microstates and partition function. The result shows that the non- commutativity effect can not be measured in the macro state functions such as the internal energy, equation of state and heat capacity. Moreover, our result also show that the number of microstates and partition function changed due to the changes in the degeneracy of energy levels and the disorder levels of the system.
Propagation of pulse wave along an infinite one dimensional spring chain
. 2014, 33(8): 15-15.
Abstract
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1216
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841
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The problem on propagation of pulse wave along an infinite one-dimensional spring chain is discussed.
Comparison on several approximate algorithms to the eigenfrequency of a mass-spring oscillator
. 2014, 33(8): 18-18.
Abstract
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677
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(275KB) (
473
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Many formulas have been put forward on the approximation to the eigenfrequency of the mass-spring oscillator. Four recently proposed formulas are compared by numerical methods. Two new algorithms are presented, which have smaller error bounds.
The analytical solution of the ionic bond molecules level and spectra
. 2014, 33(8): 21-21.
Abstract
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789
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455
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The ionic bonding molecular internal potential energy functions are analyzed from viewpoint of geometry and physics, the four kinds of molecular bond contributions are compered. This overcomes the lack of consideration of the Madelung potential. The polarization potential and the Fan De-hua potential and then a more comprehensive application of ion precise interaction energy functions are obtained. The energy representation of Madelung potential is also introduced by comparative method and the Kramer formula is obtained. The Schrodinger equation is solved and the analytical solution of energy level is obtained. The Nacl state energy and its based transition frequency are calculated, and the results are in good agreement with experimental values.
A deeply discussion about Minkowski＇ s geometrical analysis of the ＂Twin Paradox＂
. 2014, 33(8): 25-25.
Abstract
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1502
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(429KB) (
599
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Two dimensional Minkowski space-time diagram is used to analyze twins effect. Clearly, natural Minkowski geometry line element length is proportional to the proper time of a particle;the space-time diagram comparing the world line length directly in different frames of reference is also used to analyze quantitatively the twins effect. In addition,the ＂three twin paradox＂ are qualitative and half quantitative analyzed.
TEM wave and transmission characteristics in an unscreened slab line of a plate with a cylindrical bulge
. 2014, 33(8): 30-30.
Abstract
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708
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(1497KB) (
471
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Using the eonformal transformation, the TEM wave distribution in an unscreened slab line of a plate with a cylindrical bulge is given. The field structrue of cross section is drawn to show the variation relationship and data of plate＇ field strength and the included angle α,which is between the positive direction of the x-axis and the tangent of the cylindrical cross-section at the origin. We conclude that the maximum transmission power of the transmission line decreases because of the presence of the cylindrical bulge on the plate.
Rainbow causes analysis and its verifying by experiment based on the law of refraction light
. 2014, 33(8): 34-34.
Abstract
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635
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(935KB) (
601
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A theoretical model of the formation of rainbow is established. The causes of rainbow are analyzed from the theory and tested by experiment. The experiments make students allow a more intuitive understanding of the causes of rainbow. The theoretical model and experiment are expanded to integrate and design experiment and thus to develop students＇ comprehensive ability.
A new method to simulate the solitary wave solutions of sine-Gordon equation
. 2014, 33(8): 38-38.
Abstract
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790
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(1767KB) (
519
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The solitary wave solutions of sine-Gordon equation hold an important status in nonlinear physics. However, this solitary wave cannot be motivated easily contrasting with solitary water wave, it is usually generated in microcosmic aspect, we design a macro device to simulate the solitary wave solutions of sine-Gordon equation approximately. In the theoretical analysis we demonstrate that the wave is actually the solitary one and discuss its characteristics of the stable motivation, the speed and the collision.
Improvements of instrument concerning measurement of liquid viscosity with falling-ball method
. 2014, 33(8): 42-42.
Abstract
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648
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(1051KB) (
469
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The accurate measurement of the liquid viscosity is quite important in the teaching of physics and industrial application. However, there is an obvious drawback in the traditional measuring skill. We can not catch the iron ball so easily. In this paper, we design a new kind of apparatus at a low cost which can improve the capturing rate up to 90 percent. This new designed instrument works quite well when it is applied to the measurement of the liquid viscosity.
The lantern＇s rising physical mechanism and-experimental exploration about model optimization
. 2014, 33(8): 46-46.
Abstract
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936
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294
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The dynamics of lantern＇ s rising is analyzed. The factors which influence the rising time in the experiments are identified and the corresponding influence are investigated. It is found necessary to choose the correct materials and candles. We explore the influence of multiple factors and propose the equivalent-force method for the candle choosing. Finally, we give the shape-optimizing program and demonstrate the experimental results in which the time of the lantern from floor to 2.5m vertical height after being lighted up is shortened.
Microwave spectrometer measuring circular dichroism properties of chiral metamaterials
. 2014, 33(8): 51-51.
Abstract
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692
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501
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We present a microwave spectrometer experiment to measure the circular dichroism properties of chiral meta-materials. Using the microwave spectrometer, the circular dichroism properties of chiral meta-materials are measured to find the significant circular dichroism properties. Then using the electromagnetic field simulation software, the surface current is analyzed. With the rectangular horn antenna system with variable frequency, the related properties can be accurately measured in a certain frequency range and the result of microwave spectrometer measurement is validated. The experiment enriches teaching content of microwave spectrometer experimental projects and provides opportunities for undergraduates to contact the frontier of physic researches, which are beneficial to cultivate students＇scientific research capabilities.
Several paradoxes in the special relativity （Lecture notes）
. 2014, 33(8): 55-55.
Abstract
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1017
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(532KB) (
845
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The velocity of light in vacuum has both the kinematical character and dynamical character as a prediction of the Maxwell＇ s theory. The principle of constancy of light velocity in the special relativity provides not only the Lorentz space-time transformation and some kinematical effects such as the shrink ruler effect, but also the non -trivial constraints on the dynamics structure of the theory. We devise several typical paradoxes and analyze them in detail to explain how the kinematics constrain the dynamics in the special relativity. Specifically, the dynamical theory of interaction, which can be harmonious to the relativistic kinematics, must be a field theory with a limited velocity of propagation of interactions, which is exactly the velocity of light in vacuum, and the transformation of the fields should be determined by the Lorentz space-time transformation. Further analysis makes clear that the field should have momentum, which is usual character of matter.
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